Commedia Dell'Arte is italian comedy. Ironically it means Comedy of Proffession or Comedy of Art. It also stands for improvised or unwritten drama. It is still used today, with many actors specialising in it. It was around for probably 400 years but was most well known in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuary. Performers played in temporary stages, such as city streets or court venues. Better troupes such as Gelosi, Confidenti performed in palaces. They also became internationally famous once they travelled abroad. They used dance, music and witty dialogue to create the comedy effect. When performed abroad, the language didn't change to the country's language, as some of the characters already used dilect of the country.
Performing in the streets was an advantage for Commedia, as it removes the 'fourth wall' and relates to the audience much more. This is also significant as the characters relate to the audience a lot.
Characters:
'Regardless of region, il Capitano would have spoken in Spanish, il Dottore in Bolognese, and l'Arlecchino in utter gibberish.' il Capitano, il Dottore and l'Arlecchino are stock characters. The focus is on the physicality rather than the spoken words.
Lazzis
Lazzi's are used in commedia Dell'Larte. It means 'Joke' in Italian. It was used as a rehearsed comedy. It was used to make time up or ensure a certain amounts of laughs in a performance. Lazzi's would be passed down generations. In a performance, any Lazzi could be used at any point, whether be used as a catch phrase or not. Once one character started the Lazzi, the other characters would fall into place, therefore teamwork is heavily required on the company. Harlequin or Zanni would have the most Lazzi's in a performance at their disposal.
What happened in the lesson?
We were put into groups and then got given a character to understand the characteristics of the character. We got given Pantalone and so we focused on how vain the character was. We imagined a mirror in front of us and performed what type of looks he would do in the mirror, as he was a fellow. I found this lesson a little confusing as I didn't understand totally the article we were given at the beginning.
In another lesson of studying this we were given the task to devise a performance. I was in a group with James and Hayley and we decided to use the scenerio given by Andy of 'The Rotten Tooth' and we decided that over exaggeration would make it comedic. We also used movements and then stuck in them, and used speech to tell the audience (our peers) what is going on. I learn that simple but over exagerrated movements is what makes the audience laugh. I really enoyed this lesson because I felt me, James and Hayley worked really well together and everyone was laughing at each others performances which shows that they all worked. The only thing that we didn't do was to use the stock characters of Commedia Dell'Larte which was the point of the lesson but the lesson was learnt that we shouldn't get carried away.
Bibliography
http://www.theatrehistory.com/italian/commedia_dell_arte_001.html
http://italian.about.com/library/weekly/aa110800a.htm
http://italian.about.com/library/weekly/aa110800b.htm
http://www.ask.com/wiki/Lazzi
What is the difference between performing in a fixed theatre and performing in (for example) a town square?
ReplyDeleteHow does this effect the form of the theatre?
The third lesson was about Lazzis. What is a lazzi and why were they used?